Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

Expense ratios for ETFs, mutual funds and index funds can vary widely. To know whether you're overpaying or getting a good deal, it's important to look at the averages. Many, or all, of the products ...

Equity-to-asset ratio indicates how much of a company is owned versus debt-leveraged. To calculate, divide total equity by total assets; e.g., $4M/$5M = 80%. Compare ratio to industry to assess ...

NPLs show a lender's defaulting loans; high NPL ratios predict greater financial risks. Lenders manage NPLs via collateral seizure, debt restructuring, or selling the debt. Comparing a bank’s NPL ...

Friedberg is a former investment portfolio manager, university finance instructor and author of three books including "Personal Finance; An Encyclopedia of Modern Money Management." Her work has been ...

A major problem in the treatment of addiction is relapse, which is often caused by the powerful and long-lasting memories of the drug experience. Drugs of abuse can hijack or impair specific synaptic ...