The automatic detection of surface-level irregularities—defects or anomalies—in 3D data is of significant interest for various real-world purposes, such as industrial quality inspection, ...

Researchers have designed a robust image-based anomaly detection (AD) framework with illumination enhancement and noise suppression features that can enhance the detection of subtle defects in ...

Figure 1. Ultrasonic testing using pulse echo and through-transmission methods. Pulse echo (left and center) uses a transducer that sends and receives ultrasound energy, producing both A- and B-scan ...

Detecting macro-defects early in the wafer processing flow is vital for yield and process improvement, and it is driving innovations in both inspection techniques and wafer test map analysis. At the ...

Processing diamond surfaces with femtosecond lasers yields a trade-off between hydrophilicity and low defect rate.

Because permeation and plasma-induced degradation are continuous rather than episodic, their effects accumulate gradually.