The Permian period was one of the most extreme and hostile chapters in Earth’s history. Vast environmental changes ...

The dinosaur extinction is widely known, but the end-Permian mass extinction was an even more devastating event in Earth's history. This extinction event occurred 252 million years ago and was most ...

A hiker escaping summer heat in the Italian Alps in 2023 spotted unusual markings on a rock—fossilized footprints from ...

Therapsids, the ancient relatives of mammals, once roamed Earth in great numbers during the middle to late Permian period. These land-dwelling creatures would later evolve into mammals, but their ...